NBCSN Nationally Certified School Nurse Practice Exam 2025 - Free School Nurse Certification Practice Questions and Study Guide

Fifth Disease, or Erythema Infectiosum, is primarily characterized by a distinctive bright red rash on the face that resembles a "slapped cheek." This rash typically appears after a mild prodrome characterized by mild flu-like symptoms, making it identifiable as a unique presentation. The initial facial rash is often followed by a lacy, reticular rash on the trunk and limbs, which can vary in duration and severity.

The other options describe symptoms and signs associated with different medical conditions. For example, the presence of severe itching and hives suggests an allergic reaction or urticaria, which is not typical of Fifth Disease. A high fever lasting several days might point towards a viral or bacterial infection but does not align with the mild febrile presentation of Erythema Infectiosum. Lastly, symptoms like an intense headache and neck stiffness could indicate meningitis or another central nervous system issue, which is not relevant to Fifth Disease. Understanding these characteristic symptoms is essential for identifying and diagnosing this common childhood illness.