NBCSN Nationally Certified School Nurse Practice Exam 2025 - Free School Nurse Certification Practice Questions and Study Guide

Question: 1 / 400

Among the listed conditions, which one is a congenital malformation?

Asthma

Down syndrome

Down syndrome is a congenital malformation, primarily caused by a chromosomal abnormality where an individual has an extra copy of chromosome 21. This genetic condition leads to distinctive physical traits and can be associated with various health challenges, including cardiac anomalies and developmental disabilities.

Congenital malformations are structural or functional abnormalities that are present at birth, and Down syndrome fits this definition as it is identified at birth and linked to genetic factors. The other conditions listed, such as asthma, diabetes, and epilepsy, are not classified as congenital malformations. They may have genetic components or predispositions, but they typically manifest later in life due to various factors including environmental influences, lifestyle choices, or acquired conditions rather than being present at birth.

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Diabetes

Epilepsy

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